Medical References & Further Reading
Paul M. Lantos
Lantos, P.M., et al., Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), American Academy of Neurology (AAN), and American College of Rheumatology (ACR): 2020 Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Lyme Disease. Clin Infect Dis, 2021. 72(1): p. e1-e48.




Carrie D. Tibbles
Tibbles, C.D. and J.A. Edlow, Does this patient have erythema migrans? JAMA, 2007. 297(23): p. 2617-27.
Allen C. Steere
Steere, A.C. and V.K. Sikand, The presenting manifestations of Lyme disease and the outcomes of treatment. N Engl J Med, 2003. 348(24): p. 2472-4.




Sunil K. Sood
Sood, S.K., Lyme disease in children. Infect Dis Clin North Am, 2015. 29(2): p. 281-94.
Robert B. Nadelman
Nadelman, R.B., Erythema migrans. Infect Dis Clin North Am, 2015. 29(2): p. 211-39.




John A. Branda
Branda, J.A. and A.C. Steere, Laboratory Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis. Clin Microbiol Rev, 2021. 34(2).
Brian A. Fallon
Fallon, B.A., M. Pavlicova, S.W. Coffino, and C. Brenner, A comparison of Lyme disease serologic test results from 4 laboratories in patients with persistent symptoms after antibiotic treatment. Clin Infect Dis, 2014. 59(12): p. 1705-10.




Paul G. Auwaerter
Auwaerter, P.G., T. Kobayashi, and G.P. Wormser, Guidelines for Lyme Disease Are Updated. Am J Med, 2021. 134(11): p. 1314-1316.
Allen C. Steere
Steere, A.C., Posttreatment Lyme disease syndromes: distinct pathogenesis caused by maladaptive host responses. J Clin Invest, 2020. 130(5): p. 2148-2151.




Robert B. Nadelman
Nadelman, R.B., et al., Prophylaxis with single-dose doxycycline for the prevention of Lyme disease after an Ixodes scapularis tick bite. N Engl J Med, 2001. 345(2): p. 79-84
Zilpah Sheikh, MD
AIDS-related illnesses have killed more than 32 million people since 1981. An estimated 1.1 million Americans are among the nearly 37 million people worldwide who are now living with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
AIDS Retrospective Slideshow: A Pictorial Timeline of the HIV/AIDS Pandemic.


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